The see and avoid doctrine includes a scan area of how many degrees either side and up and down?

The "see and avoid" doctrine is a critical concept in aviation that emphasizes a pilot's responsibility to visually observe other aircraft and avoid collisions. In this context, the phrase describes the general area that pilots should be scanning while flying to ensure safety.

The correct answer indicates a scan area of 60 degrees either side of the aircraft and 10 degrees up and down. This specification highlights that pilots should maintain awareness of their surroundings within a relatively wide horizontal field of view (60 degrees) to the left and right, while having a more focused vertical scan of 10 degrees. This balanced approach reflects the necessity for pilots to monitor potential traffic effectively both laterally and vertically, which aids in collision avoidance.

This configuration is aligned with practical flying scenarios where situational awareness and spatial orientation are essential for flight safety, particularly in busy airspaces or during visual flight rules (VFR) operations. Having a defined area to scan helps pilots systematically cover the environment around them, thus enhancing their ability to "see and avoid" other aircraft.

Understanding this range allows pilots to strategically focus on their surroundings and maintain a robust lookout, which is vital for preventing mid-air collisions and ensuring the safety of all aircraft operating in the vicinity.