What is the function of the elevator in an aircraft?

The function of the elevator in an aircraft is to control pitch. The elevator is located on the horizontal stabilizer at the tail of the aircraft and functions by altering the angle of the tail. When the elevator is deflected upward, it decreases the tail's lift, causing the nose of the aircraft to pitch upward, and thus increase altitude. Conversely, when the elevator is deflected downward, it increases lift at the tail, causing the nose to pitch downward, allowing the aircraft to descend.

Pitch control is essential for climbing, descending, and maintaining level flight. The effective management of pitch is vital for the safety and performance of the aircraft during various phases of flight. Other control surfaces in an aircraft, such as ailerons and rudders, serve to control roll and yaw, respectively, while speed is controlled primarily through throttle adjustments and not directly through the elevator.